Unit 6: Vietnamese lifestyles: then and now
Nội dung ôn tập:
- 1. A. Pronunciation
- 2. B. Vocabulary & Grammar
- 3. C. Speaking
- 4. D. Reading
- 5. E. Writing
Câu 1: Choose the word that has a different stress pattern from the others.
Câu 2: In the past, people in rural areas often had to walk long distances to school because public transport was not widely ____.
Câu 3: Rewrite the following sentence using 'used to'.
My grandmother lived in a small village when she was young, but she doesn't live there anymore.
My grandmother lived in a small village when she was young, but she doesn't live there anymore.
Câu 4: I live far from my family now. I ____ I could visit them more often.
Câu 5: Complete the sentence with a suitable word:
The ____ of technology has significantly changed how people communicate and work compared to the past.
The ____ of technology has significantly changed how people communicate and work compared to the past.
Câu 6: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
Câu 7: In the past, children often helped their parents with farm work, which was a common ____ of life in rural areas.
Câu 8: Complete the sentence with two words: Before the invention of smartphones, people ____ communicate mainly through letters or landline phones.
Câu 9: My biggest regret is that I didn't learn to swim when I was a child. I wish I ____ to swim back then.
Câu 10: Fill in the blank with ONE suitable word: Many traditional Vietnamese ____, such as ancestor worship and Tet celebrations, are still preserved today.
Câu 11: Your friend says, "I think modern technology has made our lives much easier, but also more complicated." What is the best way to respond if you agree and want to add an example?
Câu 12: In many Vietnamese villages, the traditional houses made of wood and bamboo are being gradually ____ by modern concrete buildings.
Câu 13: Imagine you are talking about the changes in Vietnamese families. Your friend asks, "What is one big difference you've noticed between families now and families in the past?" How would you answer this question in one sentence, focusing on family size or living arrangements?
Câu 14: Complete the sentence with ONE suitable word to reflect a contrast between past and present: "In the past, many people relied on farming for their ____, but now more people work in factories or offices."
Câu 15: You are discussing traditional Vietnamese festivals. Someone says, "I think some traditional festivals are losing their meaning because young people are not interested." What is the most appropriate response to express a different opinion and encourage preservation?
Câu 16: Many older people often reminisce about the simpler life in the past, where there was a stronger ____ of community among neighbours.
Câu 17: Complete the sentence with the correct form of the verb in parentheses: 'I wish I ____ (can) understand the traditional Vietnamese folk songs better, but I didn't pay attention when I was younger.'
Câu 18: You are discussing how children spend their free time. Your friend comments, 'Kids nowadays spend too much time on screens and don't play outside enough.' What's the best response to acknowledge their point but also highlight a positive aspect of modern entertainment?
Câu 19: Many young people are finding ways to ____ traditional values and customs into their modern lives.
Câu 20: Imagine you are talking to a foreign friend about Vietnamese lifestyles. They ask, 'What's one significant change in how people communicate in Vietnam now compared to 30 years ago?' How would you answer in one sentence?
Câu 21: Read the following passage and choose the best answer.
In the past, life in many Vietnamese towns was slower. Children often walked or cycled to school, and adults mostly used bicycles for commuting to work or going to the market. Streets were less crowded, and the air was cleaner. Nowadays, it's common to see streets filled with motorbikes and cars. Public buses are also more widely available, making it faster to travel long distances, but also leading to more traffic jams and air pollution.
Based on the passage, what was a significant difference in transportation in Vietnamese towns in the past compared to now?
In the past, life in many Vietnamese towns was slower. Children often walked or cycled to school, and adults mostly used bicycles for commuting to work or going to the market. Streets were less crowded, and the air was cleaner. Nowadays, it's common to see streets filled with motorbikes and cars. Public buses are also more widely available, making it faster to travel long distances, but also leading to more traffic jams and air pollution.
Based on the passage, what was a significant difference in transportation in Vietnamese towns in the past compared to now?
Câu 22: Your friend asks you, 'What's one significant change you've seen in our neighborhood over the past 10 years, and how has it affected people's daily lives?' Write a one-sentence answer focusing on a specific physical change like a new building, park, or road.
Câu 23: Read the following passage and choose the best answer.
Life in Vietnamese rural areas has undergone significant transformations. While farming remains a primary livelihood for many, traditional manual methods are slowly being replaced by machinery. Young people are increasingly moving to cities for better job opportunities, leading to an aging population in villages. However, community bonds remain strong, and efforts are being made to preserve cultural heritage through tourism and local craft development.
According to the passage, what is a current trend affecting traditional rural lifestyles in Vietnam?
Life in Vietnamese rural areas has undergone significant transformations. While farming remains a primary livelihood for many, traditional manual methods are slowly being replaced by machinery. Young people are increasingly moving to cities for better job opportunities, leading to an aging population in villages. However, community bonds remain strong, and efforts are being made to preserve cultural heritage through tourism and local craft development.
According to the passage, what is a current trend affecting traditional rural lifestyles in Vietnam?
Câu 24: You are discussing entertainment with a friend. They ask, 'What's one major difference in how young people entertained themselves 20 years ago compared to now?' Write a one-sentence answer, giving an example from both periods.
Câu 25: Read the following passage and choose the best answer.
The digital age has profoundly reshaped Vietnamese society. Access to the internet and smartphones has made information readily available and allowed people to connect with friends and family across distances instantly. Online learning platforms have opened up new educational opportunities. However, there's also a growing concern about screen addiction and the decline of face-to-face interactions. Many are seeking a balance, using technology to enhance life while still valuing real-world experiences and traditional community gatherings.
What is the main idea the author wants to convey about the digital age in Vietnam?
The digital age has profoundly reshaped Vietnamese society. Access to the internet and smartphones has made information readily available and allowed people to connect with friends and family across distances instantly. Online learning platforms have opened up new educational opportunities. However, there's also a growing concern about screen addiction and the decline of face-to-face interactions. Many are seeking a balance, using technology to enhance life while still valuing real-world experiences and traditional community gatherings.
What is the main idea the author wants to convey about the digital age in Vietnam?
Câu 26: Read the following passage and choose the best answer.
In the past, Vietnamese education often involved a strong emphasis on rote learning and memorization. Students primarily learned from textbooks and teachers' lectures. Practical skills were often acquired through apprenticeships or by helping family members with daily tasks at home or in the fields. Access to information was limited to libraries and printed materials. Today, while foundational knowledge is still important, there's a greater focus on critical thinking, problem-solving, and project-based learning. The internet and digital resources provide vast amounts of information, and online courses offer flexible learning opportunities.
According to the passage, how did students in the past commonly acquire practical skills?
In the past, Vietnamese education often involved a strong emphasis on rote learning and memorization. Students primarily learned from textbooks and teachers' lectures. Practical skills were often acquired through apprenticeships or by helping family members with daily tasks at home or in the fields. Access to information was limited to libraries and printed materials. Today, while foundational knowledge is still important, there's a greater focus on critical thinking, problem-solving, and project-based learning. The internet and digital resources provide vast amounts of information, and online courses offer flexible learning opportunities.
According to the passage, how did students in the past commonly acquire practical skills?
Câu 27: Your friend asks, 'How has the internet changed the way Vietnamese people shop for groceries compared to 20 years ago?' Write a one-sentence answer focusing on convenience.
Câu 28: Read the following passage and choose the best answer.
Family time in Vietnam has evolved considerably. Decades ago, evenings were often spent together, with family members gathering to tell stories, play traditional board games like 'ô ăn quan', or listen to the radio. Meals were a central event, providing a chance for everyone to connect. While meals remain important, modern evenings often see family members engaging with individual screens – watching TV, browsing social media on smartphones, or playing video games. However, many families still make an effort to schedule dedicated time for shared activities like watching movies together or going out.
What is a significant change in how Vietnamese families typically spend their evenings, as described in the passage?
Family time in Vietnam has evolved considerably. Decades ago, evenings were often spent together, with family members gathering to tell stories, play traditional board games like 'ô ăn quan', or listen to the radio. Meals were a central event, providing a chance for everyone to connect. While meals remain important, modern evenings often see family members engaging with individual screens – watching TV, browsing social media on smartphones, or playing video games. However, many families still make an effort to schedule dedicated time for shared activities like watching movies together or going out.
What is a significant change in how Vietnamese families typically spend their evenings, as described in the passage?
Câu 29: Complete the sentence with the correct form of the verb in parentheses to express a wish about a past Vietnamese lifestyle: 'I wish I ____ (have) the chance to experience the simple, close-knit community life my grandparents describe from their youth.'
Câu 30: Read the following passage and choose the best answer.
Traditional Vietnamese craft villages, such as those making ceramics, silk, or lacquerware, face both challenges and opportunities in the modern era. The rise of mass production and imported goods poses a threat to their survival, as does the decreasing interest among younger generations to pursue these intricate skills. However, many villages are finding innovative ways to adapt. They are incorporating modern designs, using e-commerce platforms to reach global customers, and developing craft tourism to showcase their heritage and attract visitors. These efforts help preserve cultural identity while ensuring economic viability.
According to the passage, what is one innovative way traditional Vietnamese craft villages are adapting to modern challenges?
Traditional Vietnamese craft villages, such as those making ceramics, silk, or lacquerware, face both challenges and opportunities in the modern era. The rise of mass production and imported goods poses a threat to their survival, as does the decreasing interest among younger generations to pursue these intricate skills. However, many villages are finding innovative ways to adapt. They are incorporating modern designs, using e-commerce platforms to reach global customers, and developing craft tourism to showcase their heritage and attract visitors. These efforts help preserve cultural identity while ensuring economic viability.
According to the passage, what is one innovative way traditional Vietnamese craft villages are adapting to modern challenges?
Câu 31: Read the following passage and choose the best answer.
In traditional Vietnamese society, the roles of men and women were often clearly defined. Men were typically seen as the primary providers, working outside the home, while women were largely responsible for household duties, raising children, and managing family finances. However, over the past few decades, these roles have significantly evolved. More and more Vietnamese women are pursuing higher education and entering diverse professional fields, contributing substantially to the economy. While many still balance work with family responsibilities, there's a growing recognition of shared duties in modern households. This shift reflects a broader societal change towards gender equality and empowerment.
According to the passage, what is a key change in the roles of Vietnamese women in modern society?
In traditional Vietnamese society, the roles of men and women were often clearly defined. Men were typically seen as the primary providers, working outside the home, while women were largely responsible for household duties, raising children, and managing family finances. However, over the past few decades, these roles have significantly evolved. More and more Vietnamese women are pursuing higher education and entering diverse professional fields, contributing substantially to the economy. While many still balance work with family responsibilities, there's a growing recognition of shared duties in modern households. This shift reflects a broader societal change towards gender equality and empowerment.
According to the passage, what is a key change in the roles of Vietnamese women in modern society?
Câu 32: Your friend asks, 'What's one way traditional Vietnamese food habits have changed in modern cities compared to the past?' Write a one-sentence answer focusing on convenience or variety.
Câu 33: Read the following passage and choose the best answer.
Public spaces in Vietnamese cities have transformed significantly. In the past, local markets and communal courtyards were vibrant hubs where people not only shopped but also socialized, exchanged news, and participated in community events. These places fostered a strong sense of neighborhood belonging. Today, while traditional markets still exist, modern shopping malls, cafes, and entertainment complexes have become popular gathering spots, especially for young people. These new spaces offer different kinds of experiences, often more focused on individual consumption or smaller group interactions rather than large community gatherings. Despite these changes, the desire for connection remains, simply manifesting in new forms.
What is implied about the nature of social interaction in modern public spaces compared to traditional ones?
Public spaces in Vietnamese cities have transformed significantly. In the past, local markets and communal courtyards were vibrant hubs where people not only shopped but also socialized, exchanged news, and participated in community events. These places fostered a strong sense of neighborhood belonging. Today, while traditional markets still exist, modern shopping malls, cafes, and entertainment complexes have become popular gathering spots, especially for young people. These new spaces offer different kinds of experiences, often more focused on individual consumption or smaller group interactions rather than large community gatherings. Despite these changes, the desire for connection remains, simply manifesting in new forms.
What is implied about the nature of social interaction in modern public spaces compared to traditional ones?
Câu 34: Imagine you are explaining to a foreign friend why some Vietnamese traditional games are still important today. Write one sentence explaining their importance, focusing on cultural preservation or community bonding.
Câu 35: Read the following passage and choose the best answer.
The áo dài, Vietnam's traditional dress, has a long and rich history. In the past, it was primarily worn for formal occasions, festivals, or by women in certain professions, such as teachers or students. Its design was often modest, elegant, and reflected regional variations. While it remains a symbol of Vietnamese culture and is still worn for special events, the áo dài has also seen modern adaptations. Designers incorporate contemporary fabrics, patterns, and cuts, making it more versatile and sometimes even suitable for daily wear in urban settings. This evolution shows how tradition can adapt to modern tastes while retaining its core identity.
According to the passage, what is a key aspect of the modern adaptation of the áo dài?
The áo dài, Vietnam's traditional dress, has a long and rich history. In the past, it was primarily worn for formal occasions, festivals, or by women in certain professions, such as teachers or students. Its design was often modest, elegant, and reflected regional variations. While it remains a symbol of Vietnamese culture and is still worn for special events, the áo dài has also seen modern adaptations. Designers incorporate contemporary fabrics, patterns, and cuts, making it more versatile and sometimes even suitable for daily wear in urban settings. This evolution shows how tradition can adapt to modern tastes while retaining its core identity.
According to the passage, what is a key aspect of the modern adaptation of the áo dài?
Câu 36: Read the following passage and choose the best answer.
In the past, Vietnamese family meals were often elaborate affairs, with several dishes prepared fresh at home. Grandparents, parents, and children would gather around a common table, sharing stories and strengthening family bonds. Ingredients were typically sourced from local markets or home gardens. Nowadays, while family meals remain important, busy schedules mean less time for elaborate cooking. Many urban families opt for quicker meals, pre-made ingredients, or frequently eat out at restaurants. Food delivery services have also become incredibly popular, offering a wide array of choices, from traditional Vietnamese to international cuisines. This shift reflects both modern convenience and changing lifestyles.
What is a significant change in the preparation and consumption of family meals in modern Vietnamese urban areas, according to the passage?
In the past, Vietnamese family meals were often elaborate affairs, with several dishes prepared fresh at home. Grandparents, parents, and children would gather around a common table, sharing stories and strengthening family bonds. Ingredients were typically sourced from local markets or home gardens. Nowadays, while family meals remain important, busy schedules mean less time for elaborate cooking. Many urban families opt for quicker meals, pre-made ingredients, or frequently eat out at restaurants. Food delivery services have also become incredibly popular, offering a wide array of choices, from traditional Vietnamese to international cuisines. This shift reflects both modern convenience and changing lifestyles.
What is a significant change in the preparation and consumption of family meals in modern Vietnamese urban areas, according to the passage?
Câu 37: Read the following passage and choose the best answer.
Traditional Vietnamese festivals, such as Tết (Lunar New Year), are deeply rooted in cultural and spiritual values. Decades ago, Tết preparations involved weeks of meticulous cleaning, making traditional cakes like Bánh Chưng, and visiting extended family in person. The focus was on ancestral worship, community gatherings, and simple entertainment. In modern times, while the core spirit of Tết remains, the celebrations have evolved. Many people now buy pre-made cakes, use online messaging to send greetings, and prefer shorter, more convenient visits. Commercialization has also introduced more elaborate decorations and entertainment options, making the holiday feel both traditional and contemporary.
According to the passage, how have modern Tết celebrations changed compared to the past, while still retaining their core spirit?
Traditional Vietnamese festivals, such as Tết (Lunar New Year), are deeply rooted in cultural and spiritual values. Decades ago, Tết preparations involved weeks of meticulous cleaning, making traditional cakes like Bánh Chưng, and visiting extended family in person. The focus was on ancestral worship, community gatherings, and simple entertainment. In modern times, while the core spirit of Tết remains, the celebrations have evolved. Many people now buy pre-made cakes, use online messaging to send greetings, and prefer shorter, more convenient visits. Commercialization has also introduced more elaborate decorations and entertainment options, making the holiday feel both traditional and contemporary.
According to the passage, how have modern Tết celebrations changed compared to the past, while still retaining their core spirit?
Câu 38: In one sentence, describe how Vietnamese people typically get news and information now compared to 30 years ago, giving an example for each period.
Câu 39: In one sentence, suggest one practical way young Vietnamese people can maintain a connection to their traditional culture and values while living in a modern world.
Câu 40: Read the following passage and choose the best answer.
Vietnamese housing styles have undergone significant transformations, particularly in urban areas. In the past, it was common to see traditional tube houses or houses with spacious courtyards, often accommodating extended families. Materials were typically local, like wood, bamboo, or bricks. These homes were designed to foster close-knit family life and community interaction. Today, with rapid urbanization and increasing population density, apartment buildings and multi-story narrow houses have become prevalent. While these modern dwellings offer convenience and efficient use of space, they often mean smaller living areas and less direct interaction with neighbors, reflecting a shift towards more nuclear family living.
What is a key characteristic of modern urban housing in Vietnam, as described in the passage, compared to traditional housing?
Vietnamese housing styles have undergone significant transformations, particularly in urban areas. In the past, it was common to see traditional tube houses or houses with spacious courtyards, often accommodating extended families. Materials were typically local, like wood, bamboo, or bricks. These homes were designed to foster close-knit family life and community interaction. Today, with rapid urbanization and increasing population density, apartment buildings and multi-story narrow houses have become prevalent. While these modern dwellings offer convenience and efficient use of space, they often mean smaller living areas and less direct interaction with neighbors, reflecting a shift towards more nuclear family living.
What is a key characteristic of modern urban housing in Vietnam, as described in the passage, compared to traditional housing?
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